Total Knee Prothesis

The treatment of a total knee prosthesis, also known as total knee replacement surgery, is a surgical procedure performed by our orthopedic surgeon to replace a damaged or worn-out knee joint with an artificial implant. Here is a description of the typical treatment process:

1. Preoperative Assessment: The orthopedic surgeon evaluates the patient’s medical history, conducts a physical examination, and may order additional tests such as X-rays, MRIs, or blood tests. This assessment helps determine if the patient is a suitable candidate for total knee replacement surgery.
2. Anesthesia: Prior to the surgery, the patient is typically given anesthesia, which can be general anesthesia (where the patient is unconscious) or regional anesthesia (such as epidural or spinal anesthesia, where the lower body is numbed). The choice of anesthesia depends on various factors and is discussed between the patient and the anesthesiologist.
3. Incision: Once the patient is under anesthesia, the orthopedic surgeon makes an incision over the knee joint. The length and location of the incision may vary depending on the surgeon’s approach and the patient’s specific condition.
4. Reshaping and Preparation: The damaged portions of the knee joint, including the ends of the femur (thighbone) and tibia (shinbone), are carefully removed using specialized surgical instruments. The surgeon reshapes the remaining bone surfaces to ensure a precise fit for the artificial components.
5. Implant Placement: The orthopedic surgeon attaches the artificial knee components, which typically include a metal femoral component, a metal or plastic tibial component, and a plastic spacer placed between them. These components can be fixed in place using bone cement or press-fit techniques, depending on the specific type of prosthesis used.
6. Patellar Resurfacing (Optional): In some cases, the orthopedic surgeon may also resurface the back of the patella (kneecap) with a plastic component to improve its gliding motion within the joint.
7. Wound Closure: Once the implants are in place, the surgeon carefully closes the incision using sutures or staples. Sterile dressings are applied to protect the wound.
8. Postoperative Care: After the surgery, the patient is monitored in a recovery area and may be given pain medications and antibiotics. Physical therapy begins soon after the surgery to help regain mobility, strengthen the muscles around the knee, and promote healing.
9. Rehabilitation and Recovery: The patient undergoes a comprehensive rehabilitation program, including exercises, walking aids, and gradually increasing activities to regain strength, flexibility, and function in the knee joint. The duration of rehabilitation varies for each patient but typically involves several weeks or months.
10. Follow-Up Visits: The orthopedic surgeon schedules regular follow-up visits to monitor the patient’s progress, assess the healing process, and make any necessary adjustments to the rehabilitation program. These visits also allow for addressing any concerns or complications that may arise.

Total knee replacement surgery aims to relieve pain, restore joint function, and improve the patient’s quality of life. It is important to note that while this description provides a general overview, the details of the procedure may vary based on the surgeon’s preferences, the patient’s specific condition, and advancements in surgical techniques and implant designs. Therefore, it is essential to consult with our orthopedic surgeon who can provide personalized guidance and treatment based on an individual’s specific needs.